Drawing monel and other hard metals



Jah. 2, 1923. v /IAUY.

L. H. BRINKMAN.

DRAWING MDNEL AND OTRI-:R HARD METALS.

FHIED JUINEI4. 1918.

f f//l Patent-ed dan. 2, i323.

LOUIS H. BRINKMAN, 0F GLENRIDGE-NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, lBY MESNE ASSIGN- MENTS, TO GENERAL SEAMLESS TUBECOMPANY, 'OF BLOOMFEELD, NEW JERSEY,

.A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

DRAWING MONEL AND Application led June 14,

To all 'whom t may concern:

, Be it known that I, LoUIs H. BRINKMAN, a citizen 'of the United States, residing at Glenridge, Essex County, and State of New Jersey, have invented new anduseful Im provements in -Drawing Monel and Other Hard Metals, ot which the following is a specification. j

This invention relates to the use of vdies wherein balls are the members operating upon the work. A

Hitherto in drawing hot tubes, it has been usual to have a, water cooled mandrel in` side the tube with its head under the balls. This mandrel is generally extended within the tube to be drawn, through the 'furnace for heating the tube, and water cooling is provided tosuch an extent as toprevent the mandrel from injury by the heat of the furnace and-hot tube. The metals of the tube drawn have'been of such a nature thatv their heat at drawing might be. comparatively low, so that no diiiiculty was encountered in maintaining the metalat drawing heat as it passed through the die and the water cooling of the mandrel could bel carried out with reference to the preservation of the mandrel rather than to the maintenance ofthe proper drawing condition of' the metal in the die. When thesame procedure was followed, however,n with hard metals, such as Monel metal, it was found that the metal could not be drawn and after consideration and experimentation it was found necessary in the case of these hard metals, to regulate the heat of the mandrel according to the requirements of the metal being drawn and to bring about the preservation of the mandrel consistent with these conditions. Monel metal was found to require under most conditions a temperature of the mandrel head under the balls of about 1000o Fahrenheit. Other of' the hard metals do not require such a high temperature and possibly the Monel metal might be drawn at a somewhat lower temperature of the mandrel or might require a higher temperature aceordlng' to the. desired condition of the metal at drawing, .but this and other hard metals require a mandrel temperature of not less than 500o DTHER HARD .METALS 1918. Serial No. 239,945.

Fahrenheit, which is above that accompl'ished by the old procedure above. reerred to.

It is the mainv object of lthe present inventlon to provide a method `for drawing hard metals.

A further object of the invention4 is to provide improved apparatus, for drawing metals of the character indicated. j

Other and ancillary' objects of the invention will appear hereinafter.

In the accompanying drawings, which`illustrate the invention- Figure 1 is a longitudinal section'of a Adie and operating mechanism showing also a portion of a furnace with a mandrel in position. and a tube. being drawn;

F ig. 2 is a view on an enlarged scale of the ball spacer seen from the right in Fig. 1. Referring to the drawings, the die mechanism comprises a succession of balls-29 surrounding'the tube 7 to be operatedkupon.

Surrounding the balls lis a race ring 30 having an inclined interior surface 31 Sovthat by shifting it longitudinallythe balls may be forced inwardly `or permitted to move outwardly to vary the diameter of the die. The ring 30. is secured against rotation in a recess in one end of the member 34 which is rotatably mounted in the supporting frame 4. The ring30 may, however, be 'adjusted longitudinally by turning it, it being screw threaded to the'member-34 and held in `any `adjusted position byv any suitable means as a set screw. The other end of the member `34 is provided with a collar or nut 35 bearing against the support' 4 and so preventing movement of the member 34 and its carriedA parts to the leftv (see Figure 1) while the longitudinal movement of this vmember in the other direction is limited by the shoulder 36 coming against vthe frame 4. Shims 37 may be interposed between the shoulder 36 and the frame 4 for purposes of adjustment. The member 34 is driven by means of a gear 38 xed to it and meshing with a gear 39 on the shaft 40 whichv is an eX- tension of the vshaft of the motor-'2 for driving the die mechanism. lt will be observed that the member 34 is rotatably mounted on a bushing 41 on the frame 4. lThe frame 25 l' the die by .radial adjustment of the balls.

the apparatus,.which` has a centralscrew ment by means of a jam nut 45'..

` compartments,

threaded opening 44 within which is secured a member 45 which may be located in any desired'position of longitudinal adjust- At its inner end the; member 45 has rotatably mounted upon it the ball retaining and spacing ring 46, this spacingA ring 1sv mounted to rotate freely in the member 45 and as will be seen more clearly from Fig. 2, comprises a number of compartments 47 adapted to receive the balls 29., thev ribs or partitions 48., 49, 50, 51, and 52, between these com- Mpartments, servingdo space the balls uniformly about the circumference of the die, the bottoms of the compartments being flat. It will be observed that the compartments lor the balls extend below the centers of the balls and the inner ends of the partitions are curved so as toextend beneath the balls so that they will'be held from Jfalling out of the die when the work `is removed. The however. are ot such shape as to permit adjustment of the diameter of This retaimng ring serves to preyent displacement of the balls, but does not sustain any considerable pressure during the drawing operation as the tendency of the work 'is to force the balls in the opposlte direction.-

Rotatably mounted wit-hin the member 34 is a sleeve 54 having {ixed'to it at one end a ar 55 which engages with a gear 56 on the shaft 40. has fixed toit the cheek plate 57 against which the die balls 29 bear. The sur'tace of the cheek plate 57 against which the die balls bear, is smooth, that is, has no ribs or projections which interfere with the circumferential rolling of the balls.` `The spacing of the retainer 46 and the cheek plate 57 between which the die ballsarelocated, may be adjusted by'turning the member 45 on its screw threads. To aid in keeping the die halls cool, a .circumferential groove 59 in the member 45,and which is closed on one side by the frame casing 43, is supplied with a cooling fluid such as water from any suitable source by means of a pipe 60. This circumferential groove communicates by passages 61, of which ,there lmay be yany suit! able number distributed circumferentially about the work, with the inner faceot the member 45. From this face the fluid' is projected through the space between the retainer 46 and the ring 31 upon the die balls. The fluid thus introduced to the balls is thrown outwardly by the centrifugal action of the balls and moving die parts and passes out from the ball cavity by means of the passage 62 tothe exterior casing whence it may be drained o in any suitable manner. The gears 38 and 39 are made of such ratio At the otherl end the sleeve the tube.`

and they speed of the motor is such that the l race ring 31 is driven at the desired rate ot' speed which would ordinarily be a high, speed, to eliect the desired results., A. furnace 5 may be arranged as in my Patent No. 1,203,306, granted October 31st, 1916, to heatv the tube prior to its entrance into the die and also suitable lmea-ns for drawing' the tube through the die, such as a bench and draw lhead as shown in my prior patent referred to, is provided. The gearing of the die mechanism is y,such that the cheek plate 57 rotates at a number of revolutions per min ute, which is somewhat greater than onehalf of the number offrevolutions per minute .oi the ring 31. As the ring 31 rotates, the

cumstances, the plate 57 would simply rotate along side the balls at the same speed `,at which they were driven about the work by the ring 31. varying the speed of the plate 57 so that its revolutions are either above or below one-half those of the ring 31, j

a turning torce is exerted upon the balls which tends to rotate them about an axis substantially at right angles to that about which they tend to be rotated by the ring 31` the Ilatter axis beingsubstantially parallel to the axis ot' the work. rlhere is thus imparted to the balls a rolling movement hlavinga component extending longitudinally ot' Thiscauses the weary to be distributed over the surfaces of the balls. `Where the plate 57 is rotated in the same direction as the ring 31 at a speed somewhat greater than one-half of the ringspeed, the longitudinal component is in such direction that the bal-ls continually tendl to climb upon the shoulder of the work against which they bear and aid the drawing of the work through the die.` The movement of the balls is dependent upon the relativespeeds of the plate 57 and the ring 31, the balls being ro` tated in one 'direction if the speed of the p late is greater than one-half that of the ring, and in the opposite direction; it' the. speed of the plate is less than one-half that of the ring. In view of the foregoing, it will be seen that by driving the plate 57 in the same direction as the ring 31, and at somewhat` greater than one-half its speed. the balls will be given a rolling motion with a small longitudinal componentvso that the distribution of wear and the drawing of the tube through the die will be facilitated as before referred to.

A mandrel 64. in the form of a hollowtube may be constructed and arranged similar toi that described in my prior patent mentioned above. an enlarged head 65 and through the hollow ymandrel is'passed a small tube 66 extending to the tail end of the mandrel and through the same to the head. rl`hisv tube is connected toa suitable source of cooling fluid from which water ywill be discharged into the tube ing fluid to be carried into the head beneath l the balls, in lthe present case the mandrel head is vformed to have a solid portion 67 beneath the balls, and the cooling fluid enters onlya small cavity at the rear of the head. In drawing hard metals, for instance Monel metal, the composition of which is substantially copper 26% parts, iron 1% parts and nickel 72 parts, the temperature of the mandrel head should .beallowed to rise to approximately 1000O Fahrenheit for best results-although this metal may be drawn at a somewhat lower temperature of mandrel` or, under some circumstances, at a somewhat higher temperature, and other hard metals may be drawn at lower mandrel temperatures. In order that the high temperature of mandrelhead may be attained without danger of injury to the mandrel head itself, the head is made of high speed steel, which is hardened at 2200o Fahrenheit so that it can readily withstand the temperatures up to the ,1000c for Monel metal, as referred to above, and higher. Also the water, while made suliicient in amount to cool the tube portion of the mandrel which extends through the furnace, is so regu,

lated and applied to the head of the mandrel that the temperature will, under the inliu.

ence of the hot tube be allowed to rise to the desired temperature. The Monel metal itself being drawn, should usually have a temperature of approximately 18000 Fahrenheit.

In the operation, therefore, of the apparatus, the tube after being heated up sufiiciently in the furnace so that it will be delivered at a temperature of about 1800o Fahrenheit, is drawn through the die-by the apparatus as before referred to, and sutlicient water to keep the mandrel tube cool is allowed to enter through the tube 66. It will beseen, however, that this Water is only allowed to come in contact with sufhcient of the mandrel head to carry away sulicient Iheat so that the temperature of the head will be approximately 1000 Fahrenheit.

In the present case the mandrel .has

Certain features shown but not claimed herein are claimed in the copending applications Serial Numbers 188,709 and 235,099 filed August 27th, 1917 and May 17th, 1918, respectively.

lVhile the invention has been illustrated `in what is considered its bestapplication, it

may be carried out by other apparatus than that shown, and without adherence to the precise details recited, without departing from its spirit; it is not, therefore,` limited to practice with the apparatus yshown in the drawings, nor to the precise details recited, the invention being pointed out in the appended claims as required by the patent statutes. l

1What I claim is- 1. The method of ldrawing tubes, which consistsin heating the tube, passing it under circumferent-ially rolling balls at proper drawing temperature and supporting the A interior of the tube under the balls by a mandrel heated to a temperature of not less than 500o Fahrenheit.

2. The method of drawing Monel metal tubes, which consists in heating the work, passing the work under circumferentially rolling balls at proper drawing temperature and supporting the interior of the tube under the balls by..a mandrel heated to a temperature suitable to maintain the desired drawing temperature of the` Monel metal.. v i

3. `The method of drawing Monel metal tubes, which consists'in heating the work, passing the work under circumferentially rolling balls at proper drawing temperature, and supporting the interior ofthe tube under the balls by a mandrel heated to' a temperature of approximately 100Go Fahrenheit.

4. The method of drawing Monel metal tubes, which yconsists in heating the tube, passing the work under circumferentially rolling balls at proper drawing temperature, supporting the interior of the tube under the balls by a mandrel head, the remainder of the mandrel extending through the heated tube, before it reaches the balls, supplying cooling fluid to the `mandrel within the heated tube to maintain desired temperature of the mandrel outside the head, the application of the cooling duid to the said head being restricted to permit the said` head to rise to the desired temperature for drawing the Monel metal. l

5. In metal tube drawing apparatus, the combination with a die comprising balls for acting on the work and a rotatable support therefor, of a hollow mandrel extending within the heated tube and having a head, the portion of said head beneath the said balls being solid, and means for supplying a cooling vfluid to the interior of said mandrel.

A heit.

7. The method of drawing Monel metal tubes which consists in heat-ing the work, passing the work through a die at proper drawing temperature and supportingthe interior lot the tube within the die by a mandrel yheat/ed to a temperature suitable to lmaintain the desired drawing temperature ofthe Monel metal. f I

-8. The method of drawing 'Monel metal tubes which consists in heatingfthe work, passing the work through av die at proper drawing temperature and supporting the interior of the tube within the die by a mandrel heated to a temperature of approxilmately 100()o Fahrenheit.

9.'The method of drawing Monel metal tubes which consists in heating the tube, passing the work through a die at Vproper drawing temperature supportingthe interior of the tube within the die by a mandrel head,

the remainder of the mandrel extending through the heated tube before it reaches the die, supp1ying cooling fluid to the mandrel within the heated tube to maintain the Adesired temperature of the mandrel' outy side the head, the application of the cooling fluid to the said head being restricted to permitlthe said head to rise to the desired temperature for drawing the Monel metal.

vIn testimony whereof I have signed this specification thisllth'day of June 1918.

- Louis H. BRINKMAN. 

